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Descripción
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| There is cross-species evidence from animal models and human neuroimaging studies for a role for the nucleus accumbens (Nac) in modulating episodic memory. Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the rat Nac with simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging has been shown to evoke hemodynamic responses in the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, two structures widely associated with memory. In humans, Nac-DBS has become a common target for treating psychiatric diseases and cognitive improvements have been observed in these patients as well. To elucidate this beneficial effect, we tested 7 patients suffering from treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a spatial navigation task. In each trial, they had to move to a target object within a virtual environment and then return to their start position. In two out of 6 experimental sessions, NAc-DBS was applied using standard clinical settings (130 Hz, 3.5 V, pulse-width 60µs). Patients were blind about the stimulation order. Recall accuracy was measured as the distance between the chosen and the correct location. We observed significant improvement during sessions of active stimulation. After precise postoperative electrode localization, connectivity seeding from each patient?s volume of tissue activated (VTA) was calculated based on a normative connectome and correlated with stimulation-induced memory benefits. In a leave-one-out design, this optimal connectivity profile was subsequently predictive of patients? increase in performance. Plotting those fiber tracts, which were positively discriminative of memory improvement, supports previous observations of a structural connection of the Nac to the hippocampus via both the fornix and a ventral pathway. Given its relative preservation in dementia, the Nac might thus have the potential of a possible DBS site for treating memory-related disorders, by indirectly modulating medial-temporal memory-related structures. Our findings further stress the value of the preoperative assessment of connectivity profiles to guide the targeting of DBS surgery. | |
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Internacional
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Si |
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Nombre congreso
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2019 Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience |
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Tipo de participación
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970 |
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Lugar del congreso
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Chicago, U.S.A. |
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Revisores
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ISBN o ISSN
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DOI
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Fecha inicio congreso
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19/10/2019 |
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Fecha fin congreso
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23/10/2019 |
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Título de las actas
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