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Descripción
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| Laboratory experiments were set up to measure the susceptibility of the pest Ceratitis capitata and the braconid Psyttalia concolor (very sensitive to pesticides), to three commercial nematodes available in Spain [maximum field recommended rate (MFRC): 100 infective juveniles (IJ)/cm2]: Steinernema feltiae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (MFRC 1000 ml cp/hl; 2.3 x 109 conidia/ml cp). The neurotoxic malathion, used worldwide for the control of C. capitata was used as positive standard (150 ml ai/hl). When nematodes were applied to the pupation medium of C. capitata (vermiculite, 10% humidity), S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora were as effective as malathion, inhibiting practically 100% of adult emergence at a 2-fold MFRC and 75% r.h. Efficacy of nematodes was much higher at 75% r.h. than at 30% r.h. irrespective of the dose used. The three nematodes decreased the progeny size of P. concolor when the parasitoid parasitized C. capitata L3 larvae, treated with the MFRC under 75% r.h., but significant reductions were only scored for S. feltiae. The fungus B. bassiana was tested on adults of the pest and the parasitoid (75% r.h.; 25ºC) by residual contact, topical application and ingestion, as well as by treatment of the oviposition gauze and direct spray on the pest, and vía contaminated hosts on the parasitoid. It did not cause mortality at 3 days or affected reproduction of C. capitata (malathion gave 100% mortality), except when applied at a 10-fold MFRC at the oviposition gauze (significantly decreased fertility by 21.7%). The biopesticide did not cause mortality on P. concolor in contrast with malathion (100%), but it significantly decreased its beneficial capacity by residual contact or vía treated host larvae (lower progeny size) or by ingestion (lower number of attacked hosts). | |
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Internacional
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JCR del ISI
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No |
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Título de la revista
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IOBC/WPRS Bulletin |
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ISSN
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9789290672128 |
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Factor de impacto JCR
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0 |
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Información de impacto
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Volumen
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35 |
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DOI
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Número de revista
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0 |
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Desde la página
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113 |
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Hasta la página
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121 |
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Mes
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ENERO |
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Ranking
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