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Descripción
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| Currently, over 80% of the energy source used in the world comes from the combustion of fossil fuels. Coal is the fossil fuel most used to produce energy, and its storage is a common practice. The associated hazards, its harmful effects to the environment and human health and its self-ignition and spontaneous combustion risks are commonly studied. Due to environmental concerns and depleting reserves of coal, alternative, environmentally friendly fuels such as biomass and waste products are being considered for partial or full coal replacement. The flammability properties that characterize all these solid fuels have to be carefully determined in each single case due to their heterogeneity, but mean values show that they present a high ignition risk. This thesis aims to determine the safety conditions against explosive atmospheres risks in the facilities related with the biomasses processing. To achieve this goal, a range of biomasses has been studied, including a group of thermally dried sewage sludge. Three groups of samples have been characterize. First of all a group of solid fuels including different biomasses and fossil fuels, focusing on the differences existing between these groups and also inside the groups. A second group that includes twenty different thermally dried sewage sludge samples, were the variation that provides the heterogeneity of this kind of waste biomasses can be observed. And finally, a group composed by mixtures of coal, thermally dried sewage sludge and torrefied wood pellets, due to their rising importance on co-firing techniques. Several parameters have been determined, including ignition sensitivity, explosion severity, thermal susceptibility and self-ignition. Through the statistical study of these parameters, different relations have been observed in order to determine the influence of common parameters as particle size or volatiles content on the flammability of solid fuels. Results of this research show that characterizing dust materials is essential for having safe facilities and for decreasing the risks both human and economical. | |
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Internacional
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Si |
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ISBN
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Tipo de Tesis
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Doctoral |
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Calificación
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Sobresaliente cum laude |
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Fecha
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15/04/2016 |