Capítulo de libro:
Designing by 'Expérience': Lecreulx model tests for the design of the abutments of the bridge of Fouchard
Designing by 'Expérience': Lecreulx model tests for the design of the abutments of the bridge of Fouchard
Año:2015
Áreas de investigación
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Ingeniería civil y arquitectura
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Descripción
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| In the l770s the French engineer J.-R. Perronet introduced a new type of masonry bridge, with very slender piers and extremely surbased segmental arches. irca 20 bridges of these kind were designed by Perronet and his disciples. The ratio height of arch to span was between 119 and 1118. The flat arches would have exerted a great inclined thrust. The piers were equilibrated, but the abutments at both ends of the bridge had to support the thrust. The danger of failure by some kind of fracture of t he buttress on the upper part was evident; in particular then danger of sliding failure. The thrust could be calculated following the La Hire theory, which, though incorrect, was safe, i.e., led to greater, more inclined thrust. However, to know the effect of the thrust in the massive abutments it was necessary to make tests on models. These were carried out in 1774 by F.-M. Lecreulx during the construction of the brid~e of Fouchard. The results demonstrated the enormous danger of a catastrophic fauure by sliding. He then proposed some dispositions to avoid this danger, prolonging the voussoirs of the arch inside the mass of the arch. Fouchard's test must have been influential in the great increase of the size of buttresses from the original designs of the l770s in all the bridges built (most completed after 1780). Eventually, this type of bridge was abandoned, but their short history (about 30 years) demonstrated the audacity, courage and faith in reason and experiment of Perronet and his disciples. | |
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Internacional
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Si |
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DOI
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10.1007/978-3-319-13003-3 |
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Edición del Libro
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Editorial del Libro
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ISBN
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978-3-319-13002-6 |
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Serie
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Título del Libro
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Masonry Structures: Between Mechanics and Architecture |
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Desde página
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21 |
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Hasta página
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47 |
Participantes
- Autor: Santiago Huerta Fernandez (UPM)
Grupos de investigación, Departamentos, Centros e Institutos de I+D+i relacionados
- Creador: Departamento: Estructuras y Física de Edificación
S2i 2023 Observatorio de investigación @ UPM con la colaboración del Consejo Social UPM
Cofinanciación del MINECO en el marco del Programa INNPACTO (IPT-020000-2010-22)