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Descripción
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| Carbon dioxide (CO2), the principal greenhouse gas behind global warming, has increased significantly since preindustrial era from 278 ppm to over 400 ppm in 2018. According to the RCP6.0 future climate scenario proposed by IPCC, atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to rise, reaching 720-1000 ppm and increasing global temperature to over 2.2 (1.4-3.1) ºC by 2100. Climate change impacts crop production, pest and disease pressure, yield stability and therefore, food security. By using plant growth chambers, we investigated the effects of two different climate scenarios, current climate (CO2 = 400 ppm and temperature = 20 ºC) and future climate (CO2 = 800 ppm and temperature =22 ºC), on the interactions between wheat; Barley yellow dwarf virus; the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), an important virus vector; and its natural enemy, the parasitic wasp (Aphidius colemani). We examined plant physiology and biochemistry; aphid development and offspring production; and parasitoid performance (development, mummification and parasitism rate). Our results show that future climate will affect plant phenology, biomass and biochemistry of both non-infected and virus infected plants, which in turn will affect the aphid pest and its parasitoid. Under future climate, aphid offspring production and development time will decrease on non-infected plants. On BYDV-infected plants, aphid offspring production will decrease but not development time. Parasitism rate remains unchanged under future climate, although parasitoid development time decreases on non-infected plants. Decreased aphid offspring production would indicate lower pest population levels in the future but might be offset by shorter development time, therefore more pest generations over the crop growing season. These research findings emphasize the intricacy of the interactions between plants, insects and viruses under climate change and their implications for epidemiology of plant diseases. | |
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Internacional
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Si |
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Nombre congreso
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3rd Agriculture and Climate Change Conference |
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Tipo de participación
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960 |
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Lugar del congreso
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Budapest, Hungría |
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Revisores
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Si |
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ISBN o ISSN
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00-0000-000-0 |
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DOI
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Fecha inicio congreso
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24/03/2019 |
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Fecha fin congreso
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26/03/2019 |
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Desde la página
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0 |
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Hasta la página
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0 |
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Título de las actas
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3rd Agriculture and Climate Change Conference |